Episode #225 – What is the Spartan Mirage? (Part I)

The ancient Spartans are one of the most idealized cultures from classical Greece. They have been remembered as unbeatable super-soldiers whose entire society was geared towards war. Groups from across the modern political spectrum have looked to the Peloponnesian city-state as an inspiration and historical example. However, starting in the 1930’s historians started to question much of the received wisdom about the Spartans. Some even argued that the popular understanding of the city was deeply influenced by a so-called “Spartan Mirage.” Is everything we know about the Spartans little more than a collection of historical myths? Tune-in and find out how the French Revolution, invented traditions, and twins from eggs all play a role in the story.

Leonidas at Thermopylae - Wikipedia
Leonidas at Thermopylae by Jaques-Louis David

Works Cited

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Bordes, Phillip. Jaques-Louis David: Empire to Exile. Yale University Press: 2005.

Cole, Myke. The Bronze Lie: Shattering the Myth of Spartan Warrior Supremacy. Osprey Publishing, 2021.

Ollier, François. Le mirage spartiate : étude sur l’idéalisation de Sparte dans l’antiquité grecque de l’origine jusqu’aux cyniques, et étude sur l’idéalisation de Sparte dans l’antiquité grecque du début de l’école cynique jusqu’à la fin de la cité. —. Arno Press, 1973.

Powell, Anton, et al. Sparta : Beyond the Mirage. Classical Press of Wales, 2002.

Hodkinson, Stephen, et al. Sparta in Modern Thought : Politics, History and Culture. Classical Press of Wales, 2012.

Kennell, Nigel M. Spartans : A New History. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010.

Matyszak, Philip. Sparta : Rise of a Warrior Nation. Pen & Sword Military, 2017.

Matyszak, Philip. Sparta : Fall of a Warrior Nation. Pen & Sword Military, 2018.

Sneed, Debby. “Disability and Infanticide in Ancient Greece.” Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, vol. 90, no. 4, 2021, pp. 747–72. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.90.4.0747. Accessed 9 Apr. 2025.

Tigerstedt, E. Legend of Sparta in Classical Antiquity. Almquist, 1965.